In the chest region, sharp pain often occurs at the ribs (costal), increasing when touching or pressing on the ribs or sternum. In some cases, redness of the skin and swelling may occur in addition to the pain and local tenderness. The pain is often aggravated by exertion and movements in which the chest expands and the rib joints move. Pain may also radiate to arms, neck, head or other areas of the body. In addition, pain can occur at multiple joints scattered throughout the body. In addition to musculoskeletal complaints, symptoms at the cardiac and pulmonary levels (heart and lungs), in the digestive system or at the mental level are also mentioned. Patients may experience anxiety given the location of the symptoms, however, it is not always clear whether this is cause or effect.
Please note that the above symptoms are examples of symptoms experienced by people diagnosed with Tietze’s syndrome and or costochondritis. Symptoms may vary from person to person and it is not possible to say for certain whether these symptoms are related to Tietze’s syndrome and/or costochondritis.
Prevention
In consultation with the doctor, try to clarify the cause of the symptoms, for example by keeping a diary. Try to clarify the consequence. In short, was Tietze caused by unprocessed tension and anxiety or the other way around. Avoid those strenuous activities that put extra strain on the ribs and chest and cause the symptoms.
Possible causes
The cause of inflammation of the rib junction is often unknown. There may be several causes for this, such as:
- prolonged exertion and movements that cause the chest to expand far and thereby displace the ribs, such as deep breathing, lying down, bending, frequent throat scraping, coughing, sneezing and strenuous physical activity
- trauma, such as a blow or bump to the chest
- unusual physical exertion (heavy or otherwise).
- pregnancy
- infection of the upper respiratory tract.

Cause of pain
Chest pain can have several causes and is by no means necessarily related to Tietze. For example, it can also be caused by heart disease. It is important to have this investigated first, as heart disease can be life-threatening in the short term. This is why doctors usually order an electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest X-ray and various blood tests. If they don’t trust the symptoms and even if all the tests show a normal picture, they may sometimes admit the patient anyway, because normal tests do not completely rule out a heart attack.
When Tiete is finally diagnosed, if the patient is in doubt, a good self-test is to press a finger on the sore spot. If the pain immediately gets worse, it cannot be the heart or lungs causing the pain. The heart and lungs are too deep to trigger a pain stimulus with a finger.
When in doubt, always contact a medical professional.
Self-diagnosis
A good and at the same time simple way to test whether the symptoms could be related to Tietze and/or costochondritis can be done as follows: Press gently but with some force on the painful spot near the sternum or on the rib. If the pain intensifies sharply at that point, there may be Tietze and/or costochondritis. If the symptoms are related to the heart, the pain will not intensify in this way, since the heart is safely protected and inaccessible behind the ribs in the chest.
Self-test
The self-test below can help you learn to recognize more of the symptoms of the condition more quickly. If most of the above questions can be answered YES, then you probably have Tietze’s syndrome or costochondritis.
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Symptoms |
Yes |
No |
|---|---|---|
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Sharp pain near the sternum |
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Sharp pain near the ribs, collarbone and vertebrae of the spine |
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Pain becomes more severe with pressure on the painful spot(s) |
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Pain becomes more severe with additional strain on chest and ribs |
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Cartilage swelling under the sternum |
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Sensitivity of the cartilage of sternum and ribs |
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Discoloration of the skin around the painful spot(s) |
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You have recently given birth |
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You recently put heavy strain on your chest |
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You regularly strain your chest by coughing, sneezing, etc. |
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“I ended up with my pain symptoms in the emergency room and then with all kinds of doctors. They told me that it was psychosomatic.”

